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“No society can either be absolutely open or absolutely closed.” comment Please try to provide examples if possible.
You can give example of MN Srinivas's study where he talks up Sanskritization and concept of dominant caste. Also Andre Beteille view that stratification in case of India is not only on the based on status (caste) but also power and class (economic mobility)
So therefore even in a closed system like caste, there is mobility hence it cannot be completely closed
The other way round can also be justified that within an open society there are "hidden barriers" which restrict the mobility of lower classes upwards. Here views of conflict theorists like Tumin can be given. Also you can cite Bottomore study which says that most of the children of civil servants in UK end up becoming civil servants
So therefore an open system as seen in modern industrialized societies is also not completely open
“No society can either be absolutely open or absolutely closed.” comment Please try to provide examples if possible.
You can give example of MN Srinivas's study where he talks up Sanskritization and concept of dominant caste. Also Andre Beteille view that stratification in case of India is not only on the based on status (caste) but also power and class (economic mobility)
So therefore even in a closed system like caste, there is mobility hence it cannot be completely closed
The other way round can also be justified that within an open society there are "hidden barriers" which restrict the mobility of lower classes upwards. Here views of conflict theorists like Tumin can be given. Also you can cite Bottomore study which says that most of the children of civil servants in UK end up becoming civil servants
So therefore an open system as seen in modern industrialized societies is also not completely open
Hope it helps!
Thanks bro.. one more thing any good source for Parsonian concepts like within few pages sort of.??
Bro Parson is beyond my understanding. The more I read it, the more I get confused. I will refer to previous year questions and just mug up from internet.
Bro Parson is beyond my understanding. The more I read it, the more I get confused. I will refer to previous year questions and just mug up from internet.
Yes true bro!! I'm Doing Parson from C.N Shankar Rao. I think it will be suffice for Parson.
Q. "Sociology emerged in Europe and flourished to begin with on social reformist orientation in USA" (10) (2013)
this would be my approach - although sociology developed from European intellectual roots, the earliest departments of sociology in the world were founded at universities of Chicago, Wisconsin, Kansan and Ohio. Americans in these departments were interested in the instrumental use of sociology in social reform. thus they tended to emphasize the scientific or positivistic nature of the discipline. Mead emphasized the utility of social science in providing a basis for scientifically grounded reformism. in the 1920s, the Chicago school provided detailed studies on slum life, race relations, immigration and urbanization.
Q. "Sociology emerged in Europe and flourished to begin with on social reformist orientation in USA" (10) (2013)
this would be my approach - although sociology developed from European intellectual roots, the earliest departments of sociology in the world were founded at universities of Chicago, Wisconsin, Kansan and Ohio. Americans in these departments were interested in the instrumental use of sociology in social reform. thus they tended to emphasize the scientific or positivistic nature of the discipline. Mead emphasized the utility of social science in providing a basis for scientifically grounded reformism. in the 1920s, the Chicago school provided detailed studies on slum life, race relations, immigration and urbanization.
Sir, I haven't even heard earlier about the Wisconsin schools and stuff, Is it mandatory to go through those. I was thinking of this answer on the lines of Renaissance and reform ideology in the medieval period in Europe along with Greek philosophy which were religion and political reformist ideologies that led to the emergence of sociology. But, with the emergence of writers such as Locke, Toquiville and further (for the freedom of USA), the concepts of Rights of people, Life, Liberty and property and further started emerging. Thus, the thriving of Social reformist orientation. With this we had European and other writers, such as Marx and other Weber, started writing more about social reform as a source of Sociology rather than religious and political reform.
can we mention Marx, Weber? they were German thinkers. first part about the emergence in Europe can be tackled. trouble is in the second part, viz. reformist orientation in US. reference to the freedom of USA seems apt. but sociology was born post American revolution. issues of blacks, slavery, civil war, women suffrage, to name a few.
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Comments
So therefore even in a closed system like caste, there is mobility hence it cannot be completely closed
The other way round can also be justified that within an open society there are "hidden barriers" which restrict the mobility of lower classes upwards. Here views of conflict theorists like Tumin can be given. Also you can cite Bottomore study which says that most of the children of civil servants in UK end up becoming civil servants
So therefore an open system as seen in modern industrialized societies is also not completely open
Hope it helps!
Q. "Sociology emerged in Europe and flourished to begin with on social reformist orientation in USA" (10) (2013)
although sociology developed from European intellectual roots, the earliest departments of sociology in the world were founded at universities of Chicago, Wisconsin, Kansan and Ohio. Americans in these departments were interested in the instrumental use of sociology in social reform. thus they tended to emphasize the scientific or positivistic nature of the discipline.
Mead emphasized the utility of social science in providing a basis for scientifically grounded reformism. in the 1920s, the Chicago school provided detailed studies on slum life, race relations, immigration and urbanization.
Sir, I haven't even heard earlier about the Wisconsin schools and stuff, Is it mandatory to go through those. I was thinking of this answer on the lines of Renaissance and reform ideology in the medieval period in Europe along with Greek philosophy which were religion and political reformist ideologies that led to the emergence of sociology. But, with the emergence of writers such as Locke, Toquiville and further (for the freedom of USA), the concepts of Rights of people, Life, Liberty and property and further started emerging. Thus, the thriving of Social reformist orientation. With this we had European and other writers, such as Marx and other Weber, started writing more about social reform as a source of Sociology rather than religious and political reform.
reference to the freedom of USA seems apt. but sociology was born post American revolution. issues of blacks, slavery, civil war, women suffrage, to name a few.